Shoe filler piece



May 10, 1932 A' THQMA 1,857,672

SHOE FILLER PIECE Filed Nov. 1.0. 192'? I I I I jwem/ WI/WI Patented May 10, 1932 ANDREW 'rnonn, or CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, AssI'eNos TO NORTH AM RICAN 1 enamel-u eoivrrsnv, o1 BGSTON, irassacnusn'rrsa conrona'non on mesa,

secs FILLER PIECE Application filed November 10, 1927. SerialNo. 232,279

My present invention is ashoe bottom filler made in a compressed or molded, that is to say, shaped piece, but not-necessarily parallel sided or fiat sided, which is coherent and self-sustaining as a piece or article of manufacture. This is preferably made as a sheet and then cut up or otherwise formed into the small pieces or portions required for the individual shoe-bottoms. Preferably the fiat sheet, which is made by the simple well known rolling or sheeting process, is further compressed or molded into a sheet of heaps and furrows or grooves, or into a'series of strips or columns which are then at the filler factory cut up or it may be shipped as strips and then cut up at the shoe factory. L

The present application is one of a copending series relating to this new type of compressed and sheeted filler and its method of use and manufacture in the form of individual filler-pieces. The kind of filler preferably employed is the plastic, heat-responsive, inherently sticky, and normally unchangeable filler of thegeneral kind set forth in my Patents No. 832,- 002, dated Sept. 25, 1906 and No. 861,555, dated July 30, 1907, which has alwaysheretofore been made and sold in bulk as shown in the former of the above patents, and has commonly been known as hot filler because, in use, it has always been necessary, due to its shape and construction, that it should be first melted to a shapeless, like thick mortar and applied hot in the shoe-bottom with a hot putty knife or trowellike tool by spreading the melted mass by a back and forth 'inovement. The present fillerpiece series (although the plastic portion of my filler piece is of course not limited to the aforesaid particular kind) is a radical departure in several respects. First and primarily, the filler is applied in the shoe-bottom as a piece, or in other words as a portion of predetermined amount, shape and construction as an article, and applied to the shoe-bottom as such. Second, the filler of the present series is laid cold, that is to say it is laid in the shoe-bottom as a piece of filler as distinguished from being 'melted and .depending upon its melted condition as a neceswaterproof, pliable,

mushy condition.

sary preliminary to making it capable of being placed in or applied to a shoe-bottom and as a necessary preliminary for its-spreadability and capacity for permanently occupying the shoe-bottom. In saying that it is laid cold I do not mean necessarily that heat or heatytreatment is entirely excluded but that it retains its integrity as a piece so that instead of placing an indefinite amount of melted, mushy, shapeless filler in the shoebottom according to the judgment of the operator, lifted from a melted mass ona putty knife or trowel or' otherfspoon-like lifting and applying tool, a previously constructed piece of definite, predetermined size or amount is laid in the shoe-bottom intact as said piece. If'heat is used iniconnection therewith it is not such heat as may destroy the piece as such and reduce it to a mushy ins definite masswhose identity as a piece has been lost, but is simply such heat as may be used to quicken the surface of the piece and I preferably also to render the entire piece more spreadable while still leaving the piece intact and unchanged as a piece so that it is still capable of being laid in the shoe-bottom as a piece. \Vithin these limitations I call this method laying cold]? In fact, the preferred construction of my present filler piece is such that it is responsive to hot water for quickening its stickiness to enableit -more readily and certainly to stay in place immee diately when it touches the'bottom or other shoe surface on which it is laid. Third, in its preferred and more complete embodiment the filler piece of this series as contained in my other copendin'g applications is laminated I and preferably contains a spreadable lamina and a supporting lamina, the latter being external of the former.

The first distinguishing feature of the ar-' ticle constituting the subject matter of the present application is that it is the reverse of the arrangement just mentioned. Its selfsustaining and preferably shape-retaining co herency element or feature is within the mass andthe plastic or spreadab-le element or feature outsideof the same, although this par: ticularfeature broadly is claimed generical ly in my application Ser. No, 228,23 6. -The next distinguishing feature is that the piece can be made more roughly or crudely and less artistically. The general layer or sheet, having within it the self-sustaining and tensile-strength giving means is so constructed and composed that it may be readily cut or.

may vary considerably externally and be made more rapidly and with less cost while yet retaining in general the sheet-like, cutout or molded-piece structure and advantages. The internal support, core, carrier, or self-sustaining element (i. e. the element which provides or it may be supplements the rest of the piece with sufficient tensile strength to maintain it as a piece and prevent disruption and disintegration throughout the period duringwhich it is handled or manipulated as a piece) may be chemical or mechanical. In either case it is so located and constructed within the plastic mass as not to interfere with the spreading of the filler piece intothe desired shoe-bottom layer.

While my invention is capable of a wide variety of embodiments, I have illustrated the same herein in certain typical forms which havebeenfound practical and economical. I have referred to it as a gob because said term is expressive and characteristic of the distinguishing chunk-like feature. On the'other. hand the piece may, ifpreferred, be made-thin and in that case more nearly approaching the width of the shoe-bottom cavity and therefore having a quite limited capacity of expansion in said cavity. But my invention .is carried out more fully in 'a more chunked shape; .As the spreadable material isipractically all external, (1 it offers much less resistance to pressure and for eX- ample to a hot spreadin tool (hot primarily to prevent the toolstic ing to the piece, as a cold tool would tend to stick and to remove the piece from the cavity instead of leaving itthere in place when spread). Because it preferably has no external separate support whatever (such as the outside paper layers of my other species of this series) but consists of the plastic layer which is naturally weak in coherence, I preferably make therefore the piece extrathick, so that it is of a more self sustaining and stronger-shape,

the thickness of the material or bulkiness of the piece requiring a corresponding shorteningin length or other variation in dimensions to provide the same predetermined amount of filler as in the aforesaid longer, wider, but thinner piece, necessary for filling a given shoe-bottom. As this chun'ked shape is inherently-stronger or morestablcbecause of its bulk, (3) the integrity of thepiece is sufiiciently maintained by a tenuous supporting or strength-giving layer such as fibrous strings or string-like or strip-like materials within the mass, so arranged that they read ily move or flatten out along with the filling shaping of the filler. Preferably the central" or at least internal strength-giving element or lam na is so arranged as to give lateral strength, but prlmarily it provides length- ..Wise strength as by means of the strings, or

cords, just mentioned, to facilitate (4) making the filler element firstin the form of long strips or narrow columns side by'side in the sheet. Making the finished product without any outer supporting layer has many advantages. The entire strip and later segregated portions or chunks consist of filler material unadulterated or interferedwith by covering supports such as paper which constitute a necessary nuisance in my other species so far as relates to their presence in the shoe-bottom cavity. The. further advantage of having the filler material without an outer supporting layer of fabric such as paper or thelike sheet covering is, (6) thatall waste is eliminated, asevery particle of the filler material is simply rolled or pressed down and forward until utilized in the actual filler pieces by being pressed around the tensilestrength giving elements extending lengthwise of the columns or strips being molded and shaped under pressure as stated. This is of decided practical value as it eliminates all necessity of cutting cover material or trimming the parts, losing edge portions and the like. This structure is such that any edge portions of the sheet being molded, which may fail, to get into the edge columns or strips, are wholly usable over again in molding the next sheet,bec'ause consisting of clear filler material unmixed with cover material or the like (as in my other species aforesaid). As the filler material is external and therefore more easily 'spreadable it follows, (7), that the stripsare more readily hacked or otherwise severed into the smallchunks or individual shoe filling pieces to a given size to correspond to the proportionate thin,

flatter filler piece of my cther species. In other words, instead of requiring'a considerable process for making the double-trapezoid or other special polygonal shapes of my other species of this series of applications, this provision of the relatively thick mass of clear filler material Wholly external of the center layer, if any, as practically constituting the entire piece, makes it feasible simply to chop up or'hack out rapidly, with eX ceedingly slight expense, labor and appara tus, the final piece, blltrOf definite proportions or amountsof filler. Besides the above six-advantages'of this Construction, two further principal advantages result therefrom in connection with the heat treatment men- .tioned, such as immersion of the filler piece 5 in hot Water.

the immersion of the piece in'hot' water may not only be somewhat prolonged and hence 15 need not be watched or so carefully guarded, but the immersion or other dry heat, or other hot or cold liquid treatment "may become highly beneficial to the chunk as a whole on .account of the possibility of greater satura- 29 "tion or penetration taking place, (instead of being restricted to the surface quickening, as in said other species) and this (9) greatly facilitates and simplifies the spreading of the filler piece in the shoe-bottom as well as the subsequent levelling operation. The initial thickness of the filler piece when first put into the shoe-bottom makes itpreferable to spread the filler layer, at least to a preliminary extent, prior tothe laying of the thisspreading operation is preferably accomplished by a hot roll (as set forth in my method application Ser. No. 228,588), with .the various attendant additional advantages set forth and claimed in said method application. (10) Cleanness or neatness as to the shoe itself results from my invention. In the former hot-filler method the operator was .not only apt to drop a few grains ofthe filler on the upper but as the whole laying of the filler took place when the filler had no coherency but was melted and freely plastic and movable, it usually happened that a .little of the filler was pushed or dragged over onto the upper. In case of a McKay shoe where the upper is in tight pleats or folds extending to and formingthe edge of the cavity, it would be very difficult to remove any spilled granular filler from these folds.

' By having the filler in a piece with no loose or disintegrated filler whatever, this danger to the shoe and delay of the operator is entirely eliminated. Thereforeby providing .a filler piece of the exact predetermined Such immersion and heat? treatment is set forth in my method appli-.

outer sole and the levelling operation, and

work such as ladies McKay shoes.

ing even more than its naturally small size, so that it would. be a verydiflicult matter for the operator to'estimate just how much filler, of'the mushy, shapeless, melted kind,

he should dip up with his spatula or putty knifeto plaster into the cavity. This is all taken care'of correctly and automatically bymy present filler-piece.

In the drawings, r Fig. 1 is a perspective view of oneembodiment'of my new filler piece; Figs. 2 and 3 are views in end elevation of other forms and embodiments;

Fig. 4 is a perspective View of a strip of filler especially adapted for very small work such as ladies shoes; I Fig. 5' is a perspective view of an individual piece cut from the, strip of Fig. i; i

Fig. 6 illustrates one form of chemical streng hener orinternal support; and

Fig. 7 is atop plan'view of asheet, but only partially formed into separate gobs or chunk-like pieces.

The object of this invention'is to obviate the manufacturing expense and simplify the) manner of use and the cost of materials by eliminating the external paper layers or' other supporting covers of niyother species previously mentioned, and yet make the filler piece entirely self-sustainin coherent and durable for transportation ariflhandling, and

capable of being used at the shoe factory without meltingbut heldso coherent as to be laid in the shoe-bottomas a piece, and then spread by pressure in any of the ways mentioned in connectionwith the more elaborate and expensive filler pieces just mentioned of my other copending applications in which the spreadable layer is preferably at the c.enter or within external supporting layers. In several of its features it is subordinate to my copending application Ser. No. 228,236 filed October 24, 1927, such as in having external spreadable'filler material, in having a padlike outside or mass of spreadable filler. ma

terial entirely surrounding a tensile giving or strengthening, internal element, and in eliminating 9. outside supporting layer or'layers and in many of its still broader features it is; subordinate to my copending applications Ser, No. 133,506 filed September 3,1926 and ser. No. 183,302 filed April 13, 1927.

Preferably I provide at the center of the" piece 1 a supporting medium which preferably consists of coarse or at least rough fibrous strings 2. These strings are stretched lengthwise of the piece 1 so as to give tensile strength for subsequent strip formation and supporting integrity in the process of manu factureas well as in the finished articles, and,

are surrounded-by the spreadable body ma its terial 3 of the character described in: my aforesaid patents. An external coating l is provided (of any of tliegranular, powdery or non-sheet varieties of my application Ser. No..l83,302 filed April 13, 1927) capable of maintaining the outside of the piece substantially .nonsticky and dry for packing, transportation and handling. This outside coating preferably consists of fine cork rolled or pressed into the exterior of the sticky mass 3 in amount sufficient to make said surface substantially dry, and also preferably in amount suflicient to cooperate, in the subseuent rollin or stri a-formin o .cration in other inert powder to constitute a smoother finish for the article of manufacture or it may contain powdered starch, dextrine or the like forthe same purpose, then having the added function of aiding in the laying and sticking of the piece in the shoe-bottom when the time comes to use the piece as-a filler. In

' other words, I provide a filler piece which does not contain a covering support, or suporting la er as in m 00 endin 3.3311051- V b tions 133,506. 183,302, 192,076, filed August 6, 1927, and 211,157, filed August 6, 1927, but simply has'its outside dulled with a comminuted or powdery material to render the binder of thefiller mass 3 innocuous and preferably also to stiffen the outer surface of the main filler material. Thus the outer surface of the piece has a thick coating or dusting of finely powdered cork, cotton linters, mica flakes, talc, chalk, leather dust or the like, or mixturesthereoflor mixtures of any such sub stances with stiffening materials which tend to set under thev action of heat, moisture, or pressure, such for example as plaster of Paris, pulverized glue, pulverized dextrine, starch,

V flour or inert mineral matter etc., or solutIOIISiOf certain of such stiffening substances such as glue; paste forming substances, or the like. Or this outside coating may be of a kind to be easily washed off,vor disposed of, ordissolved by water or chemically, as for example cellulose or wood pulp. Preferably the drvcork has mingled w th it a normally dry adhesive such as dextrine for example capable of being'moistened just prior to being laid in the slioebottom cavity. This is rolled in or permanently incorporated as a surface protector forpurposes of handling, ransportation etc. so as to prevent the pieces from beingexternally sticky and yet leaving the p eces in. condition to be rendered instantly stickyeither simply by being spread so as to sever and breakup the external coating or by being dipped in water, preferably hot water, ust as the piece is to be placed in theshoe-bottom. Orthe piece may have any of the other surfaces of this vgeneral kind mentionedand claimed in the above applications, particularly in my application S81. No. 133,302, filed April 13, 1927, When the piece thus coated is subjected to pressure, it spreads without difliculty so as to fill the cayity of the shoe-bottom, and as such coating layers comprise substances, for example, plaster of Paris mentioned, which harden when subjected to moisture, the moisture of the dippingprocess orof the .tempered shoe parts will react with such substances, thus tending ultimately to stiffen and harden the filler after its application to the shoe-bottom. In stead of simple fibrous strings 2 a reticulated fabric 5, such as burlap, or other coarse orloosely woven fabric, may be used or in fact any of the self-sustaining, tensile-strength giving layers mentioned in my copending applications, particularly the one last designated above. However, as the preferred chunkl-ike or thick-shaped form of my piece lengthwise members 2 so as not to interfere with the entire'freedom of spreading -movement of the piece. To this end the crosswise elements 6 are arranged either wholly parallel and separate or mainly separate from the lengthwise elements 2 as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 in a plurality of planes. Broadly stated this novelty of my filler piece resides in providing the spreadable body material outside and the supporting or-strength-giving element on the inside. The strength-giving element however need not be in the form of a piece, layer, fabric or the like, but maybe chemical such as mucilaginous, gluey, binding mediums imparting tenacity, etc. which provide asufliciently stiifer'structure by cohesion for maintaining the piece self-support ng, coherent and sufiiciently stable for handling and to beplaced' iiizthe shoe-bottom as a piece and yet break down or disappear under pressure or under the process of dippins; in hot water or subjection to other special treatment for the purpose at the time-of use. For instance in Fig. 6 I have shown a form of string-like support or tenuous strengthener 2ieonsisting of a central thread 7 dipped 'or otherwisecoated with glue, or any mucilaginoussubstance to make-a supporting medium of. sufficient bulk and strength for the purpose, the said coating beingindicated atz8 and shown as having rough places or projections 9 formed; by the solidified drippings of the substance in which the thread was dipped when said substance was molten or liquid. The cord or lengthwise. internal strength givingmedium may I be of any substance for providing longitudi- 1 In mixing the plastic, melted filler material originally, prior to molding it into the strip form, I preferably introduce strengthening elements as for instance loose fibres 18 which are thoroughly mixed in and throughout the mass with the result that they imbed and nal strength and resistance against length wise or separating movement of the granular "or spreadable mass 3, suchas strips of fabric, twine or any striplike material, preferably such as to be capable of readily being cut, severed, broken orruptured in anyway. for the severing of the long strip'into short pieces. This central string 2 in such embodiments as Figs. 1, 2 and 3 is mainly necessary f only for the handling, making, and cuttingof V the filler material, because as soon as'the latter is cut'into slabs or small pieces the bulky shape of the piece gives enough or almost enough strength and coherence. In Figsl 4:? and 5 I lia-veshown a form'of pieceadapted to the smallest kind of womens shoes, even of the smallest kind of such shoes when made-by the McKay process, and have indicated in Fig.

example, whereas it will be seen that the piece shown in Fig. 5 is 'exceedingly'ismall as for a womans shoe and yet wholly intact as apiece.

interlock more or-less throughout the strip as indicated in Fig. 4. .Thesestrengtheners- 13am primarily intended for thin and .very

small pieces. The main functioning of the strength giving cord or cords 2 is for the purpose of manufacture as it makes it feasible to run the plastic 'filler in strip form or lengths notwithstanding the otherwise very unmanageable granulated mass. ofthe plastic I, filler material. Once the mass hasbeen molded and c.o0led,-and particularly after being dusted and compressed,it is no longer difli cult to compact it'to amore stable consistency for cutting and'handling. After the material is dusted with dry powdered cork etc. as already stated-to overcome the stickiness of the stripped material itis preferably again compacted so as to press the drypowder-onto and into the surface and when 'finallythe filler pieces arecut fromit they are subjected to a further dusting with soapstone or dulling powders to prevent them from "striking to gethenespecially at their severed endsp In 7, have illustrated in a general waythe aforesaid manufacture of my, piece.

Preferably, the plastic. body material is sheeted, to such thickness-as desired, with the supporting elements 2,5,6,'7, 8, 9,13 or. whatever the internal or central strengthencrs may be, therein, and.v then thissheetjs' heavily coatedwith the loose, dry surfacing -material or, materials 4:. which, are rolledin sufficiently fto make a crust I coating man'ipulationv andv preferably for the subseor at leastat some stage in the manufacture, the whole sheet ,of filler material isfurther or sufficiently condensedior compressed (and preferably molded) so that it will no longer be externally-sticky or open, fragmentary or that, is durable; enough for the manufacturing separable in any respect This rolling or pressing andshaping may be by runningthe i sheet betweenopposite circumferentially' quent handling and transportation. Then,

ffluted rollers to produce the columns or-strip's 14, 15, .16, shaped infcross section as-shown in Figsl and2,

drical roller and an T upper produce the flat bottom l7 and the upper curved Surface 18 -of-.Figs. 3;5. -Having shaped the sheet thus in .columnsaor strips 14,115, 16 (of any cross= sectional--shape'de lines 19,20, 21' to form theindividujal pieces with, a skingof waxy antiesqueak material,

such as paraffin amenable to the hot-roll treatment hereinafter set forth, and described-- or between'a lowericylin- .fluted rollerto -fiQ m sired), these are;cut transversely along the 1 org12. j Preferably the pieces are covered in my said. application Serial No. 228,588, 7

filed October 28-, 1927. ill have used theword gob as the; most descriptivev of that; feature ,whichfrom:ailpractioal standpoint is very advantageous in not being'obliged tjo ha've 1 special or unvarying shapeto the padlike piece. .tion aimsto bringthis. plastic fillerwithin suchlow costaas-to enable the makers of'the not heretoforethought possible. lAccord- ,It will be understood thatjiny .inveninglymy invention makes it feasible to shape the'ap'ieces thick"or thin,- wide or narrow, regular or: irregular, the ultimate object being simplyflto, deliver to-the, shoe manu--, facturer thezfillereither: already cut into a single. shoe-bottom, or in a: sheet Tor. in a strip so that the. shoe manufacturer can {out placed in the shoe-bottom as a piece, thereby small chunks or pieces each adapted to 'it'up or chop; it hlmselfinto the desired small-- pieces each capable of being handled and.

doing away with all the expensive machinery and expensive" process heretofore necessary.

When thus made (the shapesin the drawings being givengastypical of the general chunk-,

like or pad-like forms: preferred) a the, pressing or spreading' of the .filler; in the shoebottom preferably takes place beforeqthe sole The. piece: as I already i described is Y specially constructed to facilitate this spreading. Havin'gformed the same as described, the pieces are dipped orimmersed inflhot water, or subjected in any way to copious moisture, preferably hot, or to heat,

as their nature makes advisable, suflicient to "piece andthen re-engaged at the middle and moved-towards the other end of the piece, this method insuring quick spreading Without quicken the sticky surfacing or outside coatingand preferably so as also materially to soften thefiller mass itself but of course not with a disintegrating saturation, and theme piece is laid in the shoe-bottom first beingchopped ofl as. just explained into a chunk, if still in strip form, and pressed in place.

Forinstance, suppose a piece such as in Fig. 1 I

is thus laid in place, a hot roll is passed over the same with suflicient pressure to spread the piece to the confines of the shoe-bottom cavity. The roll is engaged with'the piece, or the piece with the roll, at the middle of the piece and moved towards one end of" the tendency to shift the piece improperlyat the start. Also preferably the roll is larger at the center or tapered from the centertoward its ends,so as not only to give a lengthwise spreading effect but simultaneously a widthwise spreading effect. This rolling from the middle toone end of the piece and then from the middle towards the other end is especially effective in case the plastic filler piece has a sticky, slippery underside such as is the case when the coating surfacing contains dextrine or other latent slippery adhesive or when the body material'3 contains such latent adhesive quickened byxthe hot water treatment. Starting the pressure I of the roll" at the transverse middleof the figller piece sticks the piece in place beforeit has an opportunity to shift, whereas simply rolling 'it lengthwise from one end to the other tends to shove the piece ahead of the roll. Bybringing extra pressure 'a'longthe longitudinal middle as by the double-cone shape the piece is aligned lengthwise as Well as causing a lateral spreading of the plastic portion, and it'is especially anchored along the lengthwise center against shifting prior to receiving the outer sole. Also' the strand kind of" internal tensile strength-giving means shown in the'drawings facilitates the spreading"because the fibrous strandsmot only permit thestickyplastic'filler mass to move beyond or lengthwise ofsaid strands but the strands-themselves, not being bound or interlocked with each other are free to; shift either regularly 01" at random in the spreading la-yer of filler'in the shoe-bottom.

.And while they donot-disappear, they flatten out or stow themselves away automatically un der the spreading movement withoutoffering any substantial resistance. especially when the piece has been softened by heat or other special treatmentor byits own: in-

fragments, non-compressed, open, and in 'definite or varying portions as picked up heren t components influenced the pressure process. The process of rolling, asjust described, forms part of the subject matter of my copending application Ser. 'No. 242,085, filed December 23,1927.

While I prefer to formthe individual small pieces as articles of manufactureto be shipped ready-made to the shoe manufacturer, it will be understood that the material may be shipped in the stripform 10, 1 1, 15,

16, or in any other convenient form or large piece. 'Inany event, the operator takes "a cut-up, small, individual piece, either with his fingers or with a-spoon-like holder, and

dips it in the hot water, then places the pieceso thereby in the-shoe-bottom and, if preferred, simply reverses the spoon anduses the bottom side as the levelling tool. I mention this to show how inexpensive and practicable this form of filler is. 1 In order that my invention,lin the form of a relatively thick chunklike compressed and self-sustaining piece of filler material, even without any internal tensile-strength giving element, may be prevlous plastic shoe fillers, I refer to my Patent No. 1,510,238 of Sept. 30, 1924, by Way of comparison and illustration. In said patentthe filler material is made in small permanent fragmentary condition even when nevitably mixed inthe course of'transpor-q clearly apprehended and distinguished from tation. This fragmentary conditionis of a V 1 haphazard nature so far as amount of filler and shapeof fragment are concerned. The ioo object is to insure quick heat penetration.

shape and for the essentialnon-compressed and open character of the-filler itself. 'This isdirectly opposite from the character, construction and purpose of the filler piece of my present invention. The fillcris not'openv but condensed and instead of being non-compressed issufiiciently compacted to render the portation as pieces and of maintaining their integrity "and individuality to the time of their applicationin the shoe-bottom. Even though a heatitreatment such as immersion 1 This object is the reason for the fragmentary pieces self-sustainingnnd capable of transin hot water is employed, the pieces are spread in the shoe-bottomcavity cold in the sense that the filler is not melted. or subjected to a heat process rendering it mushy so as torequire spreading likev mortar in in- As will be apparent from the foregoing description, the tenuous, string-like, separated, internal, strengthener feature of my invention is capable of a wide range of embodiments and materials and likewise the strip-1ike form of molded columns of filler L are capable of a great variety of shapes and relations, all within the spirit and scope of my invention, and accordingly I wish it understood that I intend the same to be covered broadly herein as well as specifically in the various claims. W iat I cla1m 1s,

ing united through the openings in the burlap, the whole constituting a pad-like, self-sustaining, coherent piece for handling'and use.

Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts,

this ninth day of November, 1927.-

. ANDR W THOMA."

1. An article of manufacture comprising, a

sheeted layer of spreadable shoe-filler material of condensed compacted form, having embedded therein strength giving string-like means for aiding lengthwisecoherency of the layer.

2. An article of manufacture comprising, a

.sheeted layer of spreadable shoe-filler material, having embeddedtherein strength giving string-like means foraiding lengthwise coherency of the layer, and said sheet being molded and compressed into condensed, columnar strips.

3. A shoe-filler piece, comprising a mass of spreadable filler materlal, and internal tenuous elements for giving tensile-strength to themass, united in a dense, compact, selfsustaining, coherent and'adherent piece for handling and use.

4:. A shoe-filler piece, comprisingadhesive spreadable filler material, and internal tensile-strength giving means in a plurality of planes capable of relatively shifting under pressure, united in a condensed pad-like, selfsustaining, coherentpiece for'fhandling and handling and use.

7. A shoe-filler piece, comprising spreads able filler material, and an internal open,fi-

brous layer, molded and compressed together, i

said spreadable least some of the openings in said fibrous layer, and the whole having a pad-like shape as a self-sustaining, coherent piece for handling and use.

V 8. A shoe-filler piececomprising adhesive,

spreadable,

filler material and an internal strength-giving element of burlap,.the spreadable filler material being molded and compressed upon both sides of the burlap andbematerialunited through at ce I 

